{"id":1592,"date":"2019-02-19T03:35:25","date_gmt":"2019-02-18T19:35:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ias-dev.ubd.edu.bn\/?p=1592"},"modified":"2023-07-05T11:14:03","modified_gmt":"2023-07-05T03:14:03","slug":"ias-working-paper-on-early-british-north-borneo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/?p=1592","title":{"rendered":"IAS Working Paper on Early British North Borneo"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1592\" class=\"elementor elementor-1592\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-53e8bbbd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"53e8bbbd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73d8c4e3\" data-id=\"73d8c4e3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2deb32ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2deb32ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Institute of Asian Studies at Universiti Brunei Darussalam is pleased to announce the publication of IAS Working Paper No. 45: <em>Stranger Kings and Strangers in an Asiatic Country: The Ambiguity of Human Relations in Early British North Borneo<\/em> by Liam C. Kelley. Please see below for details.<\/p><p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This paper seeks to understand how it is that a small number of Europeans were able to extend their authority and control over the northern region of the island of Borneo in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to establish a state known as British North Borneo, as well as to understand why the multi-ethnic society there remained largely peaceful during that time period. Often mentioned only in passing in histories of the colonial era in Southeast Asia, British North Borneo came to share many similarities with the colonial states in the region, particularly with the development of plantations and the importation of laborers. British North Borneo was also similar to other colonial societies in that a very small number of Europeans controlled a much larger local population. That said, while the concept of the \u201cplural society,\u201d which posits that shared economic interests can enable diverse populations to find common ground, has been employed to explain the relative stability of colonial possessions such as British Malaya and the Netherlands East Indies, in this paper we argue that such an \u201ceconomic factor\u201d was not yet present in the early years of British rule in North Borneo. Instead, this paper argues that the theory of the \u201cstranger-king,\u201d the idea that some societies welcome an outside ruler to resolve their internal divisions, can also be of benefit in understanding early British North Borneo. Ultimately, however, any historian who wishes to understand the reality of life in early British North Borneo faces the challenge of having to rely on sources that reflect a clear colonial bias, a mindset that saw \u201cAsiatic\u201d societies as inherently different. This paper takes on that challenge but also recognizes that we cannot help but be left with a great deal of ambiguity in our understanding of human relations in early British North Borneo. This paper also argues, however, that it is precisely the ambiguity of the relations between \u201cstrangers\u201d and \u201cstranger-kings\u201d that might be the key to maintaining that relationship.<\/p><p><strong>Author:<\/strong> Liam C. Kelley is an Associate Professor of Southeast Asian Studies at the Institute of Asian Studies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam. His main research focus is on Vietnamese history and historiography.<\/p><p>To see more IAS Working Papers, please visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/ias-working-paper-series\/\">IAS Working Papers web page<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-db12a7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"db12a7a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa14c1a\" data-id=\"fa14c1a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-377f6e2 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"377f6e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ias-dev.ubd.edu.bn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/working_paper_series_45.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download the Working Paper<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-314b1049 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"314b1049\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-31b051c1\" data-id=\"31b051c1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-959c4a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-ocean_social_share\" data-id=\"959c4a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-ocean_social_share.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5>Please share this<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"owp-social-share style-colored name-shown\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"twitter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=IAS%20Working%20Paper%20on%20Early%20British%20North%20Borneo&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fias.ubd.edu.bn%2F%3Fp%3D1592\" title=\"Share on X\"  onclick=\"owpShareOnClick( this.href );return false;\"><span class=\"owp-icon-wrap\"><svg class=\"owpss-icon\" aria-labelledby=\"owpss-twitter-icon\" role=\"img\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z\"\/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg><\/span><span class=\"owp-social-name\">X<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"facebook\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fias.ubd.edu.bn%2F%3Fp%3D1592\" title=\"Share on Facebook\"  onclick=\"owpShareOnClick( this.href );return false;\"><span class=\"owp-icon-wrap\"><svg class=\"owpss-icon\" aria-labelledby=\"owpss-facebook-icon\" role=\"img\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M504 256C504 119 393 8 256 8S8 119 8 256c0 123.78 90.69 226.38 209.25 245V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.28c-30.8 0-40.41 19.12-40.41 38.73V256h68.78l-11\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t71.69h-57.78V501C413.31 482.38 504 379.78 504 256z\"\/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg><\/span><span class=\"owp-social-name\">Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"linkedin\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fias.ubd.edu.bn%2F%3Fp%3D1592&#038;title=IAS%20Working%20Paper%20on%20Early%20British%20North%20Borneo&#038;summary=The+Institute+of+Asian+Studies+at+Universiti+Brunei+Darussalam+is+pleased+to+announce+the+publication+of+IAS+Working+Paper+No.+45%3A+Stranger+Kings+and+Strangers+in+an+Asiatic+Country%3A+The+Ambiguity+of+Human+Relations+in+Early+British+North+Borneo+by%26hellip%3B&#038;source=https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/\" title=\"Share on LinkedIn\"  onclick=\"owpShareOnClick( this.href );return false;\"><span class=\"owp-icon-wrap\"><svg class=\"owpss-icon\" aria-labelledby=\"owpss-linkedin-icon\" role=\"img\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z\"\/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg><\/span><span class=\"owp-social-name\">LinkedIn<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"viber\"><a href=\"\" title=\"Share on Viber\"  onclick=\"owpShareOnClick( this.href );return false;\"><span class=\"owp-icon-wrap\"><svg class=\"owpss-icon\" aria-labelledby=\"owpss-viber-icon\" role=\"img\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M444 49.9C431.3 38.2 379.9.9 265.3.4c0 0-135.1-8.1-200.9 52.3C27.8 89.3 14.9 143 13.5 209.5c-1.4 66.5-3.1 191.1 117\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t224.9h.1l-.1 51.6s-.8 20.9 13 25.1c16.6 5.2 26.4-10.7 42.3-27.8 8.7-9.4 20.7-23.2 29.8-33.7 82.2 6.9 145.3-8.9 152.5-11.2 16.6-5.4 110.5-17.4\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t125.7-142 15.8-128.6-7.6-209.8-49.8-246.5zM457.9 287c-12.9 104-89 110.6-103 115.1-6 1.9-61.5 15.7-131.2 11.2 0 0-52 62.7-68.2 79-5.3 5.3-11.1\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4.8-11-5.7 0-6.9.4-85.7.4-85.7-.1 0-.1 0 0 0-101.8-28.2-95.8-134.3-94.7-189.8 1.1-55.5 11.6-101 42.6-131.6 55.7-50.5 170.4-43 170.4-43 96.9.4\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t143.3 29.6 154.1 39.4 35.7 30.6 53.9 103.8 40.6 211.1zm-139-80.8c.4 8.6-12.5 9.2-12.9.6-1.1-22-11.4-32.7-32.6-33.9-8.6-.5-7.8-13.4.7-12.9 27.9\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t1.5 43.4 17.5 44.8 46.2zm20.3 11.3c1-42.4-25.5-75.6-75.8-79.3-8.5-.6-7.6-13.5.9-12.9 58 4.2 88.9 44.1 87.8 92.5-.1 8.6-13.1 8.2-12.9-.3zm47 13.4c.1\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t8.6-12.9 8.7-12.9.1-.6-81.5-54.9-125.9-120.8-126.4-8.5-.1-8.5-12.9 0-12.9 73.7.5 133 51.4 133.7 139.2zM374.9 329v.2c-10.8 19-31 40-51.8\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t33.3l-.2-.3c-21.1-5.9-70.8-31.5-102.2-56.5-16.2-12.8-31-27.9-42.4-42.4-10.3-12.9-20.7-28.2-30.8-46.6-21.3-38.5-26-55.7-26-55.7-6.7-20.8 14.2-41\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t33.3-51.8h.2c9.2-4.8 18-3.2 23.9 3.9 0 0 12.4 14.8 17.7 22.1 5 6.8 11.7 17.7 15.2 23.8 6.1 10.9 2.3 22-3.7 26.6l-12 9.6c-6.1 4.9-5.3 14-5.3 14s17.8\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t67.3 84.3 84.3c0 0 9.1.8 14-5.3l9.6-12c4.6-6 15.7-9.8 26.6-3.7 14.7 8.3 33.4 21.2 45.8 32.9 7 5.7 8.6 14.4 3.8 23.6z\"\/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg><\/span><span class=\"owp-social-name\">Viber<\/span><\/a><\/li>\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Institute of Asian Studies at Universiti Brunei Darussalam is pleased to announce the publication of IAS Working Paper No. 45: Stranger Kings and Strangers in an Asiatic Country: The Ambiguity of Human Relations in Early British North Borneo by Liam C. Kelley. Please see below for details. Abstract: This paper seeks to understand how [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1873,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"ocean_front_end_style_editor":"no","ocean_post_layout":"full-width","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"off","ocean_display_header":"on","ocean_header_style":"custom","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"55","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"53","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1592","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-working-papers","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1592","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1592"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1592\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1873"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1592"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1592"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1592"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}