{"id":10298,"date":"2026-09-07T12:08:32","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T04:08:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/?p=10298"},"modified":"2026-09-08T09:09:44","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T01:09:44","slug":"working-paper-on-reframing-film-in-brunei-darussalam-from-cultural-expression-to-emerging-economic-activity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/?p=10298","title":{"rendered":"Working Paper on Reframing Film in Brunei Darussalam: From Cultural Expression to Emerging Economic Activity"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

The Institute of Asian Studies at Universiti Brunei Darussalam is pleased to announce the publication of IAS Working Paper No. 94: Reframing Film in Brunei Darussalam: From Cultural Expression to Emerging Economic Activity<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0by Nur Jazmeen Farzana binti Amirnuddin.<\/p>

Please see below for details.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload the Working Paper<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>

Brunei Darussalam\u2019s ongoing efforts towards economic diversification under Wawasan Brunei 2035 have increasingly drawn attention to the role of the creative industries as alternative sources of growth. Within this context, film has emerged as a visible yet underexplored area of activity, often perceived primarily as cultural expression rather than as a form of economic production. This paper reconsiders Brunei\u2019s film sector through the lens of small nation cinema and the creative economy, moving beyond conventional definitions of industry based on scale and profitability. Drawing on qualitative insights from interviews with local filmmakers and institutional stakeholders, alongside supporting survey data, the analysis focuses on three key dimensions: production activity, labour and skill development, and market circulation. The findings show that Brunei\u2019s film sector already demonstrates emerging forms of structured production, contributes to human capital development and engages in evolving modes of content circulation. However, these developments remain constrained by fragmented institutional support, limited market coordination, and uneven audience engagement. Rather than indicating an absence of industry, these conditions reflect a misalignment between institutional efforts, industry practices, and audience expectations. In this sense, Brunei\u2019s film sector can be understood as an emerging system in formation, where cultural production and economic functions are already present, but not yet fully integrated into a sustainable industry aligned with the country\u2019s broader diversification goals.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Author:<\/strong><\/p>

Nur Jazmeen Farzana binti Amirnuddin<\/strong> is a Master of Arts (MA) candidate in Professional Communication and the Media at Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD), where she also received her Bachelor of Arts in Design and Creative Industries. Her research focuses on the development of Brunei Darussalam\u2019s film industry, with particular interests in small-nation cinema, creative industries, cultural policy, and the creative economy. Alongside her academic research, she has worked as a freelance producer in Brunei’s film industry for over seven years, contributing to a range of local film and media productions that inform her research, professional practice, and industry development.<\/p>


Contact: 24M8080@ubd.edu.bn<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

To see more IAS Working Papers, please visit the IAS Working Papers web page<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Institute of Asian Studies at Universiti Brunei Darussalam is pleased to announce the publication of IAS Working Paper No. 94: Reframing Film in Brunei Darussalam: From Cultural Expression to Emerging Economic Activity\u00a0by Nur Jazmeen Farzana binti Amirnuddin. Please see below for details. Download the Working Paper Abstract: Brunei Darussalam\u2019s ongoing efforts towards economic diversification […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7036,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"ocean_front_end_style_editor":"no","ocean_post_layout":"full-width","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"off","ocean_display_header":"on","ocean_header_style":"custom","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"55","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"53","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-working-papers","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10298"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10305,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10298\/revisions\/10305"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7036"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ias.ubd.edu.bn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}